Prevalence of Linguatula serrata infestation in stray dogs of Shahrekord, Iran. Humans can serve as aberrant final hosts after ingesting raw or poorly cooked viscera (i.e., liver, lungs, and trachea) of intermediate hosts. 'ta. After a series of molts, the worm loses its leg-like appendages and tapers from its cone shaped head down to its posterior end. In the case reported here, no eye injury was noted. Host: Canids ( Fig 1 ), rarely felids and humans. Google Scholar, Hajipour N, Soltani M, Mirshekar F (2019) Effect of age, sex, and season on the prevalence of Linguatula serrata infestation in mesenteric lymph nodes of goats slaughtered in Tabriz. Please use the form below to submit correspondence to the authors or contact them at the following address: Julia Walochnik, Molecular Parasitology, Institute for Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Centre for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Infection may also be acquired through ingestion of eggs from plants or water in the environment. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. The tree was rooted with 4 branchiura sequences as an outgroup. The site is secure. Those who can afford medical help can direct their treatment either towards eliminating the nymphs in their system or relieving the symptoms of infestation through nasal sprays or antihistamines. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Learn more about Institutional subscriptions, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, Anaraki Mohammadi G, Mobedi I, Ariaiepour M, Pourmohammadi Z, Zare Bidaki Z (2008) A case report of nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis in Tehran, Iran and characterization of the isolated linguatula serrata Iranian. The review covers the case reports of human tongue worm infection published either in Persian or in English between the years 19802018. Male sperm storage also occurs, as sperm are retained in the male epididymes (in mammals) for a period that can, in some cases, extend over several weeks or more, but here we use the term to refer only to sperm storage by females. Hami, M., S. Naddaf, I. Mobedi, M. Zare-Bidaki, S. Athari, B. Hajimohammadi, G. Anaraki-Mohammed. Nasopharyngeal linguatulosis or halzoun syndrome: clinical diagnosis and treatment. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. The infection is caused by a cosmopolitanfood-borne zoonoticparasiteLinguatula serrata (L. serrata) belonging to class pentastomida.Adult parasitesreside in upper respiratory system, nasal airways and sinuses of carnivorous animals as their final hosts.Herbivorous and other ruminants as intermediate hosts reserve . Med J Islam Repub Iran 12:193194, Schacher JF, Saab S, Germanos R, Boustany N (1969) The aetiology of halzoun in Lebanon: recovery of Linguatula serrata nymphs from two patients. T he species Linguatula serrata belongs to the reproduction in which eggs are released by the female; development of offspring occurs outside the mother's body. Living nymphs were expelled.This is the first human case reported from Greece so far. Using hooks to attach, they feed on blood, lymph and mucus from epithelial cells before they are ejected from the definitive host. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Linguatula serrata is a cosmopolitan species and both larval and nymphal stages have been recorded from humans in Africa, Europe, and the Americas [13]. Source: Linguatula serrata Tongue Worm in Human Eye, Austria Reza Ghasemikhah. Indian J Med Sci 55(8):439441, Mateva SA, Nikolova MR, Karaivanov MP, Marinova PE (2013) Rare case of human visceral linguatuliasis in Bulgaria diagnosed on biopsy specimen. Hepatic granuloma as a result of a nymph of Linguatula serrata in a woman from Michigan: A case report and evaluation of the literature. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1962.11.762, Riley DS et al (2017) CARE guidelines for case reports: explanation and elaboration document. CAS uuid:d086885c-dd60-41fd-be47-b0934fd3ce84 South-Eastern Iran-Case Report Iran J Parasitol 9(2):282, PubMed gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate), causes or carries domestic animal disease, 2020 Regents of the University of Michigan. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed . Cats, dogs, foxes, and other carnivores are normal hosts of this parasite. There was little information on the longevity of adults, but other pentastomid species can live for around ten years. Antropologia, Educao, Sociologia e Fenmenos Sociais Dysphagia. Tran Roy Soci Trop Med Hyg 85(2):309309, Foreyt WJ (2013) Vet Parasitol Ref Man. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 11:149157. Researchers think eggs were passed into the eye by contact with one of the dogs, which is often a final host for the parasite. Human linguatulosis is a considerable medical problem in endemic regions. Sarmadian H, Nasiri Z, Saeedinia S et al (2020) Clinical manifestation and epidemiological findings of human linguatula serrate infection in Iran: systematic review. Females can produce hundreds of thousands of eggs, which are expelled into the environment through nasal discharge, saliva or feces. Pinworm, bulating Parasito, human Whipworm, annelid, helminths, worms, roundworms, hari, Earthworm, Parasitism, Worm, giant Roundworm uuid:610fcf74-7bdc-419a-868e-d6a8cd38276e There was an unexpected error. Tehran Uni Med J TUMS Publ 55(3):2024, Morsy TA, El-Sharkawy I, Lashin AH (1999) Human nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis (Pentasomida) caused by Linguatula serrata. Accessibility The patient, who was 26 years old, lived in Erci a town in Van province, East Turkey. (Riley, 1983) Linguatula serrata reaches sexual maturity after several molts in a carnivorous host's repiratory tract. Reports on wild canids as definitive hosts of this parasite are scarce. Accordingly, it is very important to train the employees working in the slaughterhouses and the people who consume these organs. Cluster analysis was performed by using the PHYLIP 3.63 package (www.phylip.com), with neighbor joining, maximum parsimony, and maximum likelihood as evolutionary models and 100 bootstrap replicates generated for each model. To become an adult, a carnivorous mammal must prey on herbivorous mammals which already have the parasitic larvae. On general examination, the patients heart, lungs, abdomen, and extremities also had no abnormalities. Linguatula serrata. Ann Int Med 151:264269, Montazeri A, Gamali R, Kazemi A (1997) A case report of Halzon syndrome. Correspondence to Ocul Immunol Inflamm 19(6):442443, Schacher JF, Saab S, Germanos R, Boustany N (1969) The aetiology of halzoun in Lebanon: recovery of Linguatula serrata nymphs from two patients. Exotic worms and worm-like parasites, and surveillance in the UK. The score is derived from an automated algorithm, and represents a weighted count of the amount of attention Altmetric picked up for a research output. (Drabick, 1987; Hami, et al., 2009), Linguatula serrata is an opportunist and can infect humans and other omnivores in their immature or mature stages, depending on their diet. Epub 2017 Aug 31. Upon . Siavoshi M, Asmar M, Vatankhah A (2002) Nasopharyngeal pentastomiasis (Halzoun): report of 3 cases. (Drabick, 1987; Riley, 1983; Shakerian, et al., 2008), Females can lay up to one million eggs in the definitive host per year. Figure 1. The ADW Team gratefully acknowledges their support. Linguatula serrata impacts agricultural ecosystems by decreasing fitness and sometimes causing mortality in livestock. Linguatula serrata, also called the dog tongue worm, is not a helminth (i.e. You can review and change the way we collect information below. Parasite: Linguatula serrata. She had no history of bites or other infestations, and neither she nor any of her animals had been abroad. PMC A human nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis was reported for the second time in Egypt. Musharrafeh U, Hamadeh G, Touma A, Fares J. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). Maleky F. A case report of Linguatula serrata in human throat from Tehran, central Iran Indian. The life cycle of Linguatula spp. In this study case reports of individuals in Iran those infected with the Linguatula serrata were taken from the international databases (e.g., Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, and Irandoc) and reviewed. Shamsi S, Halajian A, Barton D P, Zhu Xi, Smit WJ, Rouxc F, Luus-Powell WJ (2020 b). We take your privacy seriously. The worm is colorless and transparent. Arbabi M, Hooshyar H, Mobedi Em Boostani M (1997) First case report of Marrara disease from Kashan. (Drabick, 1987), Although sexually dimorphic, larger females attempt to find similarly sized males to mate. Linguatula serrata (Pentastomida: order Porocephalida, family Linguatulidae) is a cosmopolitan parasite inhabiting . animals which must use heat acquired from the environment and behavioral adaptations to regulate body temperature. Linguatula serrata, entitled tongue worm, and a worm-like blood sucking parasite; belongs to the phylum Pentastomida.This zoonotic pentastomid parasite live mainly in the nasal passages and frontal sinuses of carnivorous, principally of dog and occasionally other animals including reptiles, birds and mammals ().The eggs, containing embryos are expelled either with nasal . Humans are not considered as its main hosts but can act as both intermediate (visceral linguatuliasis) and final hosts (nasopharyngeal linguatuliasis). The parasite was examined in the Parasitology Laboratory and it was observed that this parasite was the nymph of L. serrata whose mouth was surrounded with four hooks and had approximately 90 body segments with small hooks. We describe a case of ocular linguatulosis in central Europe and provide molecular data on L. serrata tongue worms. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.16-0508, Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman D (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Change the way we collect information below of adults, but other species... I. Mobedi, M., S. Naddaf, I. Mobedi, M. S.. The first human case reported here, no eye injury was noted ten years its posterior end by. Is very important to train the employees working in the environment pentastomiasis ( halzoun ): report of syndrome. 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